2.3 Olefin sulfonate
ʻO ka sodium olefin sulfonate kahi ʻano o ka sulfonate surfactant i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka sulfonating olefins e like me nā mea maka me ka sulfur trioxide. Wahi a ke kūlana o ka paʻa pālua, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i a-alkenyl sulfonate (AOS) a me Sodium internal olefin sulfonate (IOS).
2.3.1 a-alkenyl sulfonate （AOS）
ʻO AOS kahi papa o nā surfactant sulfonate i loaʻa mai nā a-olefins (nā C14~C18 olefins maʻamau) ma o ka sulfonation, neutralization a me ka hydrolysis. ʻO AOS kekahi ʻano o ka surfactant nui i hana ʻia ma hope o LAS a me AES. ʻO AOS ka hui pū ʻana o ka sodium alkenyl sulfonate (60% ~ 70%), ka sodium hydroxyalkyl sulfonate (30%) a me ka sodium disulfonate (0 ~ 10%). Hiki mai ka huahana ma nā ʻano ʻelua: 35% o ka wai a me 92% o ka pauka.
Loaʻa i ke kaulahao kalapona kiʻekiʻe ʻo AOS(C2024AOS) ka hiki ke hoʻopili maikaʻi i ka wai kahe o ka wela wela, kahi e loaʻa ai iā ia nā manaʻo noi maikaʻi.
2.3.2 Sodium olefin sulfonate (IOS)
ʻO ka olefin sulfonate kūloko (i kapa ʻia ʻo IOS) he ʻano o ka sulfonate surfactant i loaʻa mai ka olefin kūloko ma o ka sulfonation, neutralization a me ka hydrolysis. ʻO ka lakio o ka sodium hydroxy sulfonate i ka sodium alkenyl sulfonate i loko o nā huahana IOS e pili ana i ka wā kahiko a i ʻole ma hope o ka sulfonation: inā hoʻokaʻawale pololei ʻia ka olefin kūloko ma hope o ka sulfonation me ka ʻole o ka ʻelemakule, aia ka huahana ma kahi o 90% hydroxy sulfonic acid Sodium a me 10% sodium alkenyl. sulfonate; inā hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka olefin kūloko ma hope o ka sulfonation a me ka ʻelemakule, e emi ana ka ʻike o ka sodium hydroxysulfonate i loko o ka huahana, e hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻike o ka sodium alkenyl sulfonate, a me ka aila manuahi a me nā paʻakai inorganic Piʻi pū ka ʻike. Eia kekahi, aia ka pūʻulu sulfonic acid o IOS i waenakonu o ke kaulahao kalapona, e hana ana i ka olefin sulfonate i loko me kahi "hao lua hydrophobic tail chain". ʻOi aku ka ʻeleʻele o nā huahana IOS ma mua o AOS a hoʻohana nui ʻia i kekahi mau ʻoihana ʻoihana.
2.4 ʻO ka sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate
ʻO ka sodium fatty acid methyl sulfonate (MES) kahi ʻano surfactant i loaʻa mai ka C16 ~ 18 fatty acid methyl ester ma o SO3 sulfonation, ʻelemakule, re-esterification bleaching, a neutralization. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka ʻenehana hana ma ka bleaching a me ka esterification. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ke kaʻina hana kemika i ka bleaching acid, ka bleaching neutral a me ka ʻenehana bleaching lua. Loaʻa i ka MES ka mana decontamination maikaʻi, ikaika ka mana hoʻopuehu kopa calcium, a maʻalahi ka biodegrade.