NA ALKYL MONOGLUCOSIDE

Loaʻa i nā Alkyl monoglucosides hoʻokahi D-glucose. He ʻano maʻamau nā ʻāpana apo i nā ʻāpana D-glucose. ʻO nā apo ʻelima a me ʻeono i loaʻa i hoʻokahi ʻātoma oxygen e like me ka heteroatom pili i nā ʻōnaehana furan a i ʻole pyran. No laila ua kapa ʻia nā Alkyl D-glucosides me nā apo ʻelima lālā he alkyl d-glucofuranosides, a ʻo nā mea me nā apo ʻeono, nā alkyl D-glucopyranosides.

Hōʻike nā ʻāpana D-glucose āpau i kahi hana acetal nona ka carbon atom ka mea hoʻokahi e hoʻopili ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻātoma oxygen. Kapa ʻia kēia he anomeric carbon atom a i ʻole anomeric center. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo glycosidic paʻa me ke koena alkyl, a me ka paʻa me ka oxygen atom o ke apo saccharide, hoʻomaka mai ka atom carbon anomeric. No ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ke kaulahao kalapona, ua helu mau ʻia nā ʻātoma kalapona o nā ʻāpana D-glucose (C-1 a i C-6) e hoʻomaka ana me ka atom kalapona anomeric. Ua helu ʻia nā ʻātoma oxygen e like me ko lākou kūlana ma ke kaulahao (O-1 a i O-6). Hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻātoma kalapona anomeric a no laila hiki ke lawe i ʻelua mau hoʻonohonoho like ʻole. Ua kapa ʻia nā stereoisomers hopena i nā anomers a ua ʻike ʻia e ka prefix α a i ʻole β. E like me ka nomenclature conventions hōʻike nā anomers i kekahi o nā hoʻonohonoho kūpono ʻelua e kuhikuhi ana ka mea paʻa glycosidic i ka ʻākau i loko o nā formula projection Fischer o glucosides. ʻOiaʻiʻo ka mea kū'ē i nā anomers.

Ma ka nomenclature o ka kemika carbohydrate, ua haku ʻia ka inoa o kahi alkyl monoglucoside penei: Ka koho ʻana i ke koena alkyl, ka inoa o ka hoʻonohonoho anomeric, ka syllable "D-gluc," ka inoa o ke ʻano cyclic, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka hopena " oside.” Ma muli o ka hana maʻamau i loko o ka saccharides ma ka ʻātoma kalapona anomeric a i ʻole nā ​​ʻātoma oxygen o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl kumu mua a lua paha, ʻaʻole loli maʻamau ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā ʻātoma kalapona asymmetrical, koe wale nō ma ke kikowaena anomeric. Ma kēia ʻano, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nomenclature no nā alkyl glucosides, no ka mea, ʻo ka syllable "D-gluc" o ka makua saccharide D-glucose e mālama ʻia i ka wā o nā ʻano like ʻole a hiki ke wehewehe ʻia nā hoʻololi kemika e nā suffixes.

ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻōnaehana o ka saccharide nomenclature e like me ka Fischer projection formulas, ʻo nā formula Haworth me ka hōʻike cyclic o ke kaulahao kalapona i makemake nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu hoʻolālā no saccharides. Hāʻawi ka Haworth projections i kahi manaʻo spatial maikaʻi aʻe o ke ʻano molekala o nā ʻāpana D-glucose a makemake ʻia i kēia kuʻikahi. I loko o ka Haworth formula, ʻaʻole i hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻātoma hydrogen i pili i ke apo saccharide.